Yes, pregnant women can live with cats infected with Toxoplasma gondii, but they should take precautions to avoid contracting the disease.
Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic infection caused by the Toxoplasma gondii parasite, which is commonly found in cat feces ¹. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommend that pregnant women avoid changing cat litter if possible, and if no one else can perform the task, wear disposable gloves and wash their hands with soap and water afterwards. They should also ensure that the cat litter box is changed daily and feed their cat commercial dry or canned food, not raw or undercooked meats. Additionally, pregnant women should keep cats indoors, avoid stray cats, especially kittens, and not get a new cat while they are pregnant. They should also keep outdoor sandboxes covered and wear gloves when gardening and during contact with soil or sand because it might be contaminated with cat feces that contain Toxoplasma. Finally, they should wash their hands with soap and water after gardening or contact with soil or sand ¹.
It’s important to note that only cats who ingest tissue cysts get infected, and it’s difficult for cats to transmit toxoplasmosis directly to their caregivers ². If a pregnant woman is newly infected with Toxoplasma while she is pregnant, or just before pregnancy, then she can pass the infection on to her baby. Most infected infants do not have symptoms at birth but can develop serious symptoms later in life, such as blindness or mental disability. Occasionally, infected newborns have serious eye or brain damage at birth ¹. Therefore, pregnant women should take the necessary precautions to avoid contracting the disease.
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Source:
(1) CDC – Toxoplasmosis – General Information – Pregnant Women. https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/toxoplasmosis/gen_info/pregnant.html.
(2) Pregnancy and toxoplasmosis – The Humane Society of the United States. https://www.humanesociety.org/resources/pregnancy-and-toxoplasmosis.
(3) Cats, Pregnancy, & Toxoplasmosis | PetSafe®. https://www.petsafe.com/blog/cats-pregnancy-toxoplasmosis/.
(4) Toxoplasmosis: General FAQs – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/toxoplasmosis/gen_info/faqs.html.
(5) Toxoplasmosis gondii, Pregnancy and Cats – Fact vs. Fiction. https://vethelpdirect.com/vetblog/2012/09/28/toxoplasmosis-gondii-pregnancy-and-cats/.
(6) en.wikipedia.org. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxoplasma_gondii.