Canine coronavirus (CCoV) and canine parvovirus (CPV) are both viral infections affecting dogs, primarily targeting the gastrointestinal system, but they differ significantly in severity, symptoms, and transmission. Here’s how to distinguish them:
🦠 Virus Type and Structure
- Canine Coronavirus (CCoV):
- Enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus.
- Belongs to the Alphacoronavirus genus Wikipedia.
- Canine Parvovirus (CPV):
- Non-enveloped, single-stranded DNA virus.
- Extremely resistant to environmental conditions fassisi.com.
🧬 Transmission and Stability
- CCoV:
- Less stable in the environment.
- Spread mainly through fecal-oral route, often in kennels or shelters.
- CPV:
- Highly contagious and environmentally resilient.
- Can survive on surfaces, clothing, and shoes for months fassisi.com.
🤒 Symptoms
| Symptom | Canine Coronavirus (CCoV) | Canine Parvovirus (CPV) |
|---|---|---|
| Diarrhea | Mild to moderate, often watery | Severe, often bloody |
| Vomiting | Occasional | Frequent and intense |
| Fever | Mild | High |
| Lethargy | Mild to moderate | Severe |
| Appetite loss | Moderate | Severe |
| Dehydration | Possible | Common and severe |
| Mortality risk | Low | High, especially in puppies |
Sources: fassisi.com Wikipedia
🧪 Diagnosis
- CCoV: Detected via PCR or ELISA tests targeting coronavirus antigens.
- CPV: Diagnosed using fecal ELISA tests or PCR for parvovirus DNA.
💉 Prevention
- Vaccines are available for both, but CPV vaccination is considered essential due to its severity and prevalence.
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