Several viruses can cause respiratory diseases in dogs, including canine parainfluenza virus, canine adenovirus type 2, canine distemper virus, and canine influenza virus. These viruses are often part of the canine infectious respiratory disease complex (CIRDC), commonly known as kennel cough.
Here’s a breakdown of the key viral culprits:
🦠 Common Respiratory Viruses in Dogs
- Canine Parainfluenza Virus (CPIV)
- One of the most frequent contributors to kennel cough.
- Highly contagious and spreads through airborne droplets.
- Causes coughing, nasal discharge, and mild fever.
- Canine Adenovirus Type 2 (CAV-2)
- Affects the upper respiratory tract.
- Often included in combination vaccines.
- Can lead to tracheobronchitis and secondary bacterial infections.
- Canine Distemper Virus (CDV)
- A serious and potentially fatal virus.
- Affects respiratory, gastrointestinal, and nervous systems.
- Symptoms include coughing, nasal discharge, fever, and neurological signs.
- Canine Influenza Virus (CIV)
- Two main strains: H3N8 and H3N2.
- Causes coughing, sneezing, fever, and lethargy.
- Can lead to pneumonia in severe cases.
- Canine Herpesvirus
- Less common but can cause respiratory symptoms in puppies.
- Often associated with neonatal mortality.
- Canine Respiratory Coronavirus (CRCoV)
- Similar to human cold viruses.
- Contributes to mild respiratory illness and is part of CIRDC.
🐶 Transmission & Prevention
- These viruses are highly contagious, especially in environments like shelters, kennels, and dog parks.
- Vaccination is available for many of these viruses, including CPIV, CAV-2, CDV, and CIV.
- Good hygiene, avoiding overcrowded dog areas, and regular vet checkups help reduce risk.
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